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Author Topic: JFK's Throat Wound Was an Entrance Wound: Refuting the Shored-Wound Theory  (Read 25343 times)

Online Tom Graves

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Why do people waste time pondering silly scenarios?

They can't help it.

When it comes to the anomaly-replete JFK assassination, their paranoiac anti-"Deep State" / anti-"National Security State" / anti-"Administrative State" psyches demand it.
« Last Edit: August 09, 2026, 11:44:58 PM by Tom Graves »

Online Michael T. Griffith

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Quote from: John Corbett on Yesterday at 11:29:24 PM
Why do people waste time pondering silly scenarios?


They can't help it.

Oh, the abject irony of two believers in the single-bullet theory (SBT) accusing others of "pondering silly scenarios"! This is like two Moon-landing deniers or two Holocaust deniers claiming that people who reject their theory are "pondering silly scenarios."

When it comes to the anomaly-replete JFK assassination, their paranoiac anti-"Deep State" / anti-"National Security State" / anti-"Administrative State" psyches demand it.

LOL! Gee, did the three members of the Warren Commission who rejected the SBT suffer from "paranoiac anti-"Deep State" / anti-"National Security State" / anti-"Administrative State" psyches"?! Mind you, two of those three members were Senator Richard Russell and Congressman Hale Boggs, who were staunch conservatives and were strongly pro-national security and pro-national defense.

It is genuinely amazing that you guys refuse to acknowledge the powerful, mutually corroborating evidence that the autopsy doctors determined for an absolute, observable fact that the back wound had no exit point. I don't know how in your own minds you brush aside this evidence and still cling to the SBT, especially given the fact that the hard physical evidence of JFK's tie and the holes in the back of JFK's coat and shirt prove the SBT is pure fantasy.

"JFK's Clothing Proves the Single-Bullet Theory Is Impossible"
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1MAgWA0frOLVeWY6ok9nzdrgpRN4Wv1AL/view?usp=sharing

"Why JFK's Tie and Shirt Slits Destroy the Single-Bullet Theory"
https://sites.google.com/view/jfkshirtandtiedestroysbt/home

“Research Notes on the Shored-Wound Theory to Explain JFK’s Throat Wound” https://drive.google.com/file/d/1h48FpT89KrC0rNrl4XC3MDePLDFEBBHb/view

« Last Edit: August 10, 2026, 02:24:12 PM by Michael T. Griffith »

Online John Corbett

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Oh, the abject irony of two believers in the single-bullet theory (SBT) accusing others of "pondering silly scenarios"! This is like two Moon-landing deniers or two Holocaust deniers claiming that people who reject their theory are "pondering silly scenarios."


MTG thinks the SBT is silly, but neither he nor any other CT has ever been able to come up with a plausible alternative scenario to explain JFK's nonfatal wounds and all of JBC'S wound. MTG won't even try. He can't do anything but parrot long discredited CT dogma.

Offline Tim Nickerson

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From the outset, the Dallas doctors’ and nurses’ descriptions of JFK’s throat wound have posed a problem for the lone-gunman theory. All the descriptions of the throat wound described it as an entrance wound. They said it was a small wound (about 5 cm in diameter), that it was punched inward, and that it was neat and circular, all of which are textbook indications of an entry wound. In addition, the descriptions of the damage behind the wound described damage that was larger than the wound itself, another textbook indication of an entry wound.

This explains why Dr. Malcolm Perry diagnosed the throat wound as an entry wound (both in his written report and in his comments to newsmen later in the afternoon), and why Nurse Margaret Hinchliffe, who had seen numerous bullet wounds, was certain it was an entry wound.

It is important to note that the fact that the throat wound was 5 mm in diameter means it was smaller than the back wound, which was 6 x 4 mm in size.

In addition, we now know that the first two drafts of the autopsy report said nothing about the throat wound being an exit point for the back wound. Indeed, we also know that one of those drafts said the back wound had no exit point.

In order to explain the throat wound’s entry-wound appearance, lone-gunman theorists have had to resort to theorizing that the wound was so small and neat because the skin behind and around the wound was “shored” by the fabric of JFK’s collar band.

There are two fatal problems with this shored-wound theory:

-- One, the throat wound was not behind the collar band. Even if one assumes the front shirt slits were made by an exiting bullet, those slits were clearly below the collar band, as proved by the evidence photo of the slits (see Figure 8 in “JFK’s Clothing Proves the Single-Bullet Theory Is Impossible,” https://drive.google.com/file/d/1MAgWA0frOLVeWY6ok9nzdrgpRN4Wv1AL/view).

-- Two, shored exit wounds, far from being small and neat, typically have wide and irregular abrasion collars. Dr. Vincent Di Maio, considered one of the leading forensic experts of the modern era, noted that shored exit wounds produce “very wide, irregular abrasion collars” (Gunshot Wounds: Practical Aspects of Firearms, Ballistics, and Forensic Techniques, Second Edition, CRC Press, 1999, p. 112).

Dr. Gary Aguilar and RN Kathy Cunningham have said the following about the problems with the shored-wound theory:

Lattimer has theorized that Kennedy’s throat wound was so small because it was “shored.” That is, Kennedy’s tight shirt collar confined the skin around Kennedy’s throat, and so kept the tissues from gaping irregularly as the bullet exited. . . .  However, the slits in JFK’s shirt are below the level where the collar button is, and so below the spot where the shoring pressures would have had maximal effect in limiting the gaping of skin.

Information from experiments on more analogous living pigs, and from experience with living gunshot victims, reveals that there are key features of shored exit wounds that are notable by their absence in JFK’s throat. Anesthetized pigs shot through their “shored” bellies had abrasions (scratches) at the margins of the shored exit wounds 100% of the time; contusions (bruises) 63% of the time; and radiating lacerations around the wound margins 33% of the time (D.S. Dixon, “Characteristics of Shored Exit Wounds,” Journal of Forensic Sciences, vol. 26(4), 1981, p. 694). Forensic pathologist Josephino Aguilar (no relation to either author) reported that, in humans, shored exit wounds have “abrasion collars” much like entrance wounds do, and they tend to have “radiating lacerations” at the wound margins. “In contrast to the entrance wound,” Aguilar wrote, “the supported exit wound shows a scalloped or punched-out abrasion collar and sharply contoured skin in between the radiating skin lacerations marginating the abrasion” (Josephino C. Aguilar, “Shored Gunshot Wounds of Exit,” American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology , vol. 4(3), September 1983, p. 199). (“How Five Investigations Into JFK’s Medical/Autopsy Evidence Got It Wrong,” https://history-matters.com/essays/jfkmed/How5Investigations/How5InvestigationsGotItWrong_6.htm)


For more information on this issue, see “Research Notes on the Shored-Wound Theory to Explain JFK’s Throat Wound,” https://drive.google.com/file/d/1h48FpT89KrC0rNrl4XC3MDePLDFEBBHb/view.

Was the HSCA's FPP of the opinion that an unshored exit wound of a missile of comparable size and velocity to that of the single bullet might be similar if the missile were not misshapen by striking a substantial bone within the body?

Online Michael T. Griffith

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Was the HSCA's FPP of the opinion that an unshored exit wound of a missile of comparable size and velocity to that of the single bullet might be similar if the missile were not misshapen by striking a substantial bone within the body?

This is your answer to all the evidence presented in the OP and in subsequent replies? This is it? You're not even accurately describing the HSCA FPP's argument. I think British physiologist Russell Kent does a good job of explaining the fatal flaw in the FPP's shored-wound scenario:

To characterize the neck wound as an exit, and therefore to support the single-bullet theory, the HSCA Forensic Pathology Panel needed to account for it being so small. The panel did this by relying on the principle of ‘shored exit’ where clothing tight against the skin at the exit site of a bullet may prevent the usual shattering and tearing that results in a stellate-shaped, irregular wound. It is illustrated in Petty’s book Modern Legal Medicine, Psychiatry, and Forensic Science. The HSCA Forensic Pathology Panel report reads that:

"It is of the opinion that such a wound, uniformly regular in shape and small in size, might be anticipated from an intermediate or even high velocity missile if the tissues through which the missile exited were shored, buttressed or otherwise reinforced by clothing."

The problem is that according to Dr. Vincent DiMaio, a world expert on gunshot wounds, shored exit wounds produce "very wide, irregular abrasion collars." This was not evident in the wound seen at Parkland and is not seen in the autopsy photographs. The clincher that the throat wound was not a shored exit, however, is that the slits are not in the collar band (see Figure 21). I accept that the collar band would have been tight against the skin, but the slits are below it in a single layer of cotton not held firmly against the neck. They are at the level of the suprasternal notch (the dip in the middle of the neck between the two collar bones) and were probably not caused by a bullet. This fact alone undoes the single-bullet theory. The hole in the front of JFK’s neck was more likely an entrance wound, and the shirt slits were unrelated to it. (JFK Medical Betrayal: Where the Evidence Lies, 2022, pp. 179-180)


If anyone is inclined to suggest that Kent is misquoting Dr. DiMaio's statement that shored exit wounds will have "very wide, irregular abrasion collars," let us read the paragraph in which the statement appears in DiMaio's world-renowned forensic handbook Gunshot Wounds:

In unusual circumstances, exit wounds will have abraded margins (Figure 4.24). These are called shored exit wounds.  They are characterized by a broad, irregular band of abrasion of the skin around the exit. In such wounds the skin is reinforced, or “shored,” by a firm surface at the instant the bullet exits. Thus, individuals shot while lying on the floor, leaning against a wall, or sitting back in a chair may have shored exit wounds.  As it exits, the bullet everts the skin, with the everted margin impacting against the wall, floor, or back of a chair, thus being abraded or “rubbed raw.”  Shored exit wounds can also occur from tight supportive garments, such as girdles, brassieres, and belts, as well as from tight clothing. Fresh shored wounds have a moist, succulent appearance. The pattern of the material overlying the shored exit may be imprinted on the edges of the wound. Shored wounds have very wide, irregular abrasion collars and when dry may simulate contact wounds. (Gunshot Wounds: Practical Aspects of Firearms, Ballistics, and Forensic Techniques, Second Edition, CRC Press, 1999, pp 94-95)

Thus, WC apologists have no way to explain the fact that JFK's throat wound was small (about 5 mm), neat, and punched inward, textbook traits of an entry wound, and that the damage behind and below the wound was larger than the wound itself, another textbook trait of an entry wound. The shored-wound theory cannot explain the throat wound, and the FPP majority who floated this nonsense surely should have known better.

There is, of course, a logical, straightforward, forensic explanation for the throat wound's appearance and underlying damage: it was an entrance wound, just as the Parkland doctors initially said it was. But you guys can't be logical and follow the science because your theory of the shooting collapses if you admit the throat wound was an entrance wound.
« Last Edit: Yesterday at 01:33:38 PM by Michael T. Griffith »

Online John Corbett

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Thus, WC apologists have no way to explain the fact that JFK's throat wound was small (about 5 mm), neat, and punched inward, textbook traits of an entry wound, and that the damage behind and below the wound was larger than the wound itself, another textbook trait of an entry wound. The shored-wound theory cannot explain the throat wound, and the FPP majority who floated this nonsense surely should have known better.

There is, of course, a logical, straightforward, forensic explanation for the throat wound's appearance and underlying damage: it was an entrance wound, just as the Parkland doctors initially said it was. But you guys can't be logical and follow the science because your theory of the shooting collapses if you admit the throat wound was an entrance wound.

Do we have to draw pictures for you? I've never argued for the shored exit theory and don't care about it. The reason the exit wound was similar in appearance to an entrance wound is because it was made by and FMJ bullet which doesn't deform when striking soft tissue. That's what they were designed to do.  They will make a nice neat exit wound similar to an entrance wound. Forensic medical examiners are still able to tell the difference. Any description of the window was made from memory by Dr. Perry because his tracheostomy incision obliterated the wound. I think he had more pressing matters to tend to than getting an accurate measurement and description of the wound.

I've never seen a plausible argument from those who insist the throat wound was an entrance as to what became of such a bullet. Either it exited the body or it remained in the body. X-rays taken at autopsy found no bullets in the body. There was no exit wound for a bullet entering JFK's throat. Can you explain this conundrum?

Offline Tim Nickerson

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This is your answer to all the evidence presented in the OP and in subsequent replies? This is it? You're not even accurately describing the HSCA FPP's argument. I think British physiologist Russell Kent does a good job of explaining the fatal flaw in the FPP's shored-wound scenario:

To characterize the neck wound as an exit, and therefore to support the single-bullet theory, the HSCA Forensic Pathology Panel needed to account for it being so small. The panel did this by relying on the principle of ‘shored exit’ where clothing tight against the skin at the exit site of a bullet may prevent the usual shattering and tearing that results in a stellate-shaped, irregular wound. It is illustrated in Petty’s book Modern Legal Medicine, Psychiatry, and Forensic Science. The HSCA Forensic Pathology Panel report reads that:

"It is of the opinion that such a wound, uniformly regular in shape and small in size, might be anticipated from an intermediate or even high velocity missile if the tissues through which the missile exited were shored, buttressed or otherwise reinforced by clothing."

The problem is that according to Dr. Vincent DiMaio, a world expert on gunshot wounds, shored exit wounds produce "very wide, irregular abrasion collars." This was not evident in the wound seen at Parkland and is not seen in the autopsy photographs. The clincher that the throat wound was not a shored exit, however, is that the slits are not in the collar band (see Figure 21). I accept that the collar band would have been tight against the skin, but the slits are below it in a single layer of cotton not held firmly against the neck. They are at the level of the suprasternal notch (the dip in the middle of the neck between the two collar bones) and were probably not caused by a bullet. This fact alone undoes the single-bullet theory. The hole in the front of JFK’s neck was more likely an entrance wound, and the shirt slits were unrelated to it. (JFK Medical Betrayal: Where the Evidence Lies, 2022, pp. 179-180)


If anyone is inclined to suggest that Kent is misquoting Dr. DiMaio's statement that shored exit wounds will have "very wide, irregular abrasion collars," let us read the paragraph in which the statement appears in DiMaio's world-renowned forensic handbook Gunshot Wounds:

In unusual circumstances, exit wounds will have abraded margins (Figure 4.24). These are called shored exit wounds.  They are characterized by a broad, irregular band of abrasion of the skin around the exit. In such wounds the skin is reinforced, or “shored,” by a firm surface at the instant the bullet exits. Thus, individuals shot while lying on the floor, leaning against a wall, or sitting back in a chair may have shored exit wounds.  As it exits, the bullet everts the skin, with the everted margin impacting against the wall, floor, or back of a chair, thus being abraded or “rubbed raw.”  Shored exit wounds can also occur from tight supportive garments, such as girdles, brassieres, and belts, as well as from tight clothing. Fresh shored wounds have a moist, succulent appearance. The pattern of the material overlying the shored exit may be imprinted on the edges of the wound. Shored wounds have very wide, irregular abrasion collars and when dry may simulate contact wounds. (Gunshot Wounds: Practical Aspects of Firearms, Ballistics, and Forensic Techniques, Second Edition, CRC Press, 1999, pp 94-95)

Thus, WC apologists have no way to explain the fact that JFK's throat wound was small (about 5 mm), neat, and punched inward, textbook traits of an entry wound, and that the damage behind and below the wound was larger than the wound itself, another textbook trait of an entry wound. The shored-wound theory cannot explain the throat wound, and the FPP majority who floated this nonsense surely should have known better.

There is, of course, a logical, straightforward, forensic explanation for the throat wound's appearance and underlying damage: it was an entrance wound, just as the Parkland doctors initially said it was. But you guys can't be logical and follow the science because your theory of the shooting collapses if you admit the throat wound was an entrance wound.

You haven't answered my question. Was the HSCA's FPP of the opinion that an unshored exit wound of a missile of comparable size and velocity to that of the single bullet might be similar if the missile were not misshapen by striking a substantial bone within the body?

"Several panel members are also of the opinion that an unshored exit wound of a missile of comparable size and velocity might be similar if the missile were not misshapen by striking a substantial bone within the body?"

https://www.history-matters.com/archive/jfk/hsca/reportvols/vol7/html/HSCA_Vol7_0053a.htm