HomeSubscribe Live FeedJFK Research Photo GalleryStoreJFK Youtube ChannelArticlesSearchLinksNotepadLoginRegister
Welcome, Guest. Please login or register.
May 23, 2012, 02:39:50 AM
News:

Pages: 1 [2]
Sounds of Sirens  (Read 863 times)
Super Member
*****

Posts: 2201


Engineers design two-way police radios for simultaneous operation with sirens.

An unfortunate listener a few feet in front of a police siren hears a sound of about 120 db. Allowing 20 to 30 db for directivity leaves 90 to 100 db of sound behind the siren.

A motorcycle officer listening to an earpiece would raise the volume of their receiver to match the level of the siren. However, close talking their microphone with a loud voice at 70 to 80 db would be no match for the siren that is a hundred times more powerful.

Further problems arise because regulations of the Federal Communications Commission specify background noise, such as a siren, must be more than 20 db below the transmitted voice.

In other words, physical functionality of the police radio requires reduction of the siren signal by 20 db. Legal operation demands attenuation of the undesired signal by 40 db.

Engineers solve this problem by using notch filters to sharply reduce the frequencies of the siren. These filters attenuate siren frequencies by 40 db without affecting the lower vocal frequencies. This is how dispatchers hear motorcycle officers over the sounds of sirens.

The Channel-II recording contains further evidence of the notch filters. Chief Curry keyed on the channel and paused before shouting into his microphone. The dispatcher heard the volume of the background sirens decrease as the excessively loud voice activated the AGC in the transmitter.

Notch filters have significant consequences for evaluation of the acoustic evidence. When comparing the loudness of sirens with speech or engine sounds one should account for about 40 db of attenuation by the filters. This consideration places the sirens much nearer the open microphone and explains their earlier absence and premature silence.


-------------------------

   ReplyReply
Super Member
*****

Posts: 2201


As a guest, you are not allowed to view links. Register or Login
Herbert
I was curious, how you are going to document that every impulse seen on your Waves 2.0 analysis gizmo (translation: noise on the decades-old multigenerational dictabelt recording) originated in Dealy Plaza on 11/22/63 at 12:30PM?
The gizmo is a spectrograph. So every “impulse” represents a sinusoid. These signals are localized about an extremely narrow range of frequencies. This characteristic produces narrow pulses resembling impulses on the spectrograph. 

The sound of the waveform that produced the posted spectrograph contains a loud voice with the shrill tones of the sirens and noise in the background. 

As a guest, you are not allowed to view links. Register or Login

By contrast noise on a spectrograph has no localization on a spectrograph and spreads across the entire frequency axis.

Voiced signals have an intermediate degree of localization but lack the high power density of the narrow-band sinusoids. For this reason a  spectrograph is an extremely sensitive tool for detection of constant frequency sirens, heterodynes and brieftones.
Quote


One of us here surely doesn't get it Herbert, but it ain't me.
When you comprehend the difference between an oscillograph and a spectrograph then you would be on your way toward getting it.

Herbert


-------------------------

   ReplyReply
Super Member
*****

Posts: 2201


At the time of the assassination, the DPD had stopped traffic along the planned motorcade route between Dealey Plaza and the Trade Mart. This preparation made the use of sirens unnecessary as the emergency vehicles left the Plaza and entered Stemmons. So the vehicles did not use their sirens until they reached or perhaps past the vicinity of the Trade Mart. This event occurred a few minutes after the assassination.

Herbert


-------------------------

   ReplyReply

Super Member
*****

Posts: 2338


Uh huh...keep going...


-------------------------

-------------------------
"you're the cop, you figure it out"
-Lee H. Oswald to Dallas Police detectives, weekend
of 11-22-63.

"Part of the reason why we avoided talking about this thing, because every time you say something, somebody misinterprets what you say."
-James. J. Humes, excerpt of ARRB statement, 2-13-96

   ReplyReply

Super Member
*****

Posts: 2338


Quote:
"Further problems arise because regulations of the Federal Communications Commission specify background noise, such as a siren, must be more than 20 db below the transmitted voice."

Herbert, please show me your documentation that this rule was in effect in 1963, that in fact it applied to sirens in particular, and if you can do that, then show me the likewise proof that the DPD police radio system in operation on that day met this requirement.

How on this Earth Herbert, can you sit where ever you're at and start making claims about motorcycle sirens and radios and noise filters that long ago were melted down in to scrap iron, I am guessing many years before you were born?



-------------------------

   ReplyReply
Super Member
*****

Posts: 6711


As a guest, you are not allowed to view links. Register or Login
Quote:
"Further problems arise because regulations of the Federal Communications Commission specify background noise, such as a siren, must be more than 20 db below the transmitted voice."

Herbert, please show me your documentation that this rule was in effect in 1963, that in fact it applied to sirens in particular, and if you can do that, then show me the likewise proof that the DPD police radio system in operation on that day met this requirement.

How on this Earth Herbert, can you sit where ever you're at and start making claims about motorcycle sirens and radios and noise filters that long ago were melted down in to scrap iron, I am guessing many years before you were born?



Not all of them were. Some have been saved by collectors and afficienadoes. BBN and W&A were able to find similar equipment used by police in Massachusetts.


-------------------------

   ReplyReply
Super Member
*****

Posts: 6711


As a guest, you are not allowed to view links. Register or Login
Study siren decibels,Then study 1963 harley engine decibels and they were extremely loud and were notorious for backfiring in the 60's. then multiply that with the number of cycles in escort in the motorcade.What could anyone hear?The number of shots in the Plaza? Marion Baker heard shots from the schoolbook? He was wearing a helmet. Be in Dealey Plaza when several of todays harleys go up Main or Commerce. Experience that and you will rule out dictabelt and ear witnesess in the Plaza.

Out in the open in Dealey Plaza, the sound of the rifle shots was much louder than the cycles, 147 decibels versus 80 decibels.
The DPD radio system used Automatic Gain Control to reduce the level of very loud sounds.


-------------------------

   ReplyReply
Super Member
*****

Posts: 6711


As a guest, you are not allowed to view links. Register or Login
At the time of the assassination, the DPD had stopped traffic along the planned motorcade route between Dealey Plaza and the Trade Mart. This preparation made the use of sirens unnecessary as the emergency vehicles left the Plaza and entered Stemmons. So the vehicles did not use their sirens until they reached or perhaps past the vicinity of the Trade Mart. This event occurred a few minutes after the assassination.

Herbert


Silly boy in your ivory tower. They used their sirens because there had just been a shooting.


-------------------------

   ReplyReply
Super Member
*****

Posts: 2201


As a guest, you are not allowed to view links. Register or Login
Quote:
"Further problems arise because regulations of the Federal Communications Commission specify background noise, such as a siren, must be more than 20 db below the transmitted voice."

Herbert, please show me your documentation that this rule was in effect in 1963, that in fact it applied to sirens in particular, and if you can do that, then show me the likewise proof that the DPD police radio system in operation on that day met this requirement.
The DPD used commercial two-way radio equipment that satisfied the FCC  licensing standards for “Purity and Stability of Emissions.” In addition issuance of the license to KKB 364 was dependent upon operation of the radio network in accordance with regulations that included logging of all transmissions.
Quote

How on this Earth Herbert, can you sit where ever you're at and start making claims about motorcycle sirens and radios and noise filters that long ago were melted down in to scrap iron, I am guessing many years before you were born?
In 1963, I passed all parts of the FCC exam for a radiotelephone license.  Rules and regulations pertaining to the operation of a transmitter comprised one portion of the test. I learned of the 20-db signal to noise ratio during preparation for this part of the exam. Another portion of the test dealt with circuits, such as filters.

The following year, I entered CCNY as an electronic engineering student and quickly learned how to analyze and design the circuits that were in common use during the fifties and sixties.

Herbert



-------------------------

   ReplyReply
Super Member
*****

Posts: 2201


As a guest, you are not allowed to view links. Register or Login
As a guest, you are not allowed to view links. Register or Login
At the time of the assassination, the DPD had stopped traffic along the planned motorcade route between Dealey Plaza and the Trade Mart. This preparation made the use of sirens unnecessary as the emergency vehicles left the Plaza and entered Stemmons. So the vehicles did not use their sirens until they reached or perhaps past the vicinity of the Trade Mart. This event occurred a few minutes after the assassination.

Herbert


Silly boy in your ivory tower. They used their sirens because there had just been a shooting.

The issue of the belated sounding of sirens is well known among the students of the acoustic evidence.  In particular the Audograph disk of Channel-II documents the absence of sirens during the minute following Chief Curry’s order to go to the hospital and Sheriff Decker’s instructions to all available men in his department.

The testimonies of the Secret Service agents confirm the absence of sirens during the early portion of the run to the hospital. However, one driver released his siren at the time of the shooting and was probably rudely told by the adjacent agent on the radio to turn that damn thing off.

Herbert


-------------------------

   ReplyReply
0 Members and 3 Guests are viewing this topic.
Pages: 1 [2]


Jump to:  

JFK Assassination Kennedy Assassination JFK Assassination Forum JFK Dealey Plaza Dallas November 22nd 1963

JFK Assassination Gallery

JFKForum.com

JFK Assassination Kennedy Assassination JFK Assassination Forum JFK Dealey Plaza Dallas November 22nd 1963
Powered by SMF 1.1.16 | SMF © 2011, Simple Machines